Updated 2013-01-26
Hydrological monitoring aims produce real time information of water level and discharge, ice thickness including freeze-up and break-up in winter from a network of monitoring stations. Monitoring data is utilized in water resource planning, water management and flood damage prevention. Monitoring is coordinated by Finnish Environmental Institute (SYKE).
This is a National Implementation Plan (NIP) project
Time frame
- Status
- Ongoing
- Project time span
- 1911 -
- Data collection
- 1911 -
- Data processing
- not specified
- Data reporting
- not specified
Geography
- Regions studied
- Climate change effects
- Climate change effects
- Climate change effects
- Climate change effects
- Other areas
- Lapland
- Stations or areas where observations are made
A network of 400 stations for water level and 300 for river discharge throughout Finland. Sample sites in Lapland include:
Lake Unari, Luusuanperä 67°08' N 24°44' E
Lake Ounasjärvi, Enontekiö 68°23' N 23°43' E
River Tornionjoki, Tornio 65°50' N 24°09' E
River Tornionjoki, Vuennonkoski 66°10' N 23°49' E
River Tornionjoki, Pello 66°46' N 23°58' E
Lake Kilbbesjavri 69°02' N 20°47' E
Lake Kevojärvi, Kevoniemi 69°45' N 27°00' E
Lake Anarjärvi, Njellim 68°50' N 28°18' E
Lake Anarjärvi ,Ulappa c/o Nellim 68°51' N 28°16' E
Data availability
- Are data archived or planned to be archived at an AMAP Thematic Data Centre?
- no
- If no (or only part of data are reported to a TDC), where and how are (other) data stored?
- Finnish Environment Institute
Environmental Data System/ Hydrological database
- References to key publications (or planned publications) and data reports
- Monthly hydrological reports online: http://www.ymparisto.fi/default.asp?contentid=422340&lan=en&clan=en.
Hyvärinen, V. & Leppäjärvi, R. 1989. Long-term trends of river flow in Finland. Julk.: Conference on climate and water. Government printing centre, Helsinki. The publications of the Academy of Finland 9/89. Vol. 1. S. 450–461. ISBN 951-861-668-X.
Kuusisto, E. 1992. Runoff from Finland in the period of 1931–1990. Aqua Fennica 22(1):9–22.
Hyvärinen, V. 1998. Observed trends and fluctuations in hydrological time series in Finland – a review. Julk: Lemmelä, R. & Helenius, N. (eds.). Proceedings of The Second International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17–20 August 1998. Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo.Volume 3. S. 1064–1070.
Korhonen, J. 2006. Long-term changes in lake ice cover in Finland. Nordic Hydrology 37(4-5): 347-363.,
Korhonen, J. & Haavanlammi, E. (eds.) Hydrological Yearbook 2006–2010. Suomen ympäristö 8/2012, Luonnonvarat, 234 s. http://www.ymparisto.fi/download.asp?contentid=135059&lan=fi [accessed 6.11.2012]-
- Samples/specimens archived in specimen banks?
- No
- Specimen banking information
Automatic stations and dedicated observers measure water level, discharge or ice thickness.
Methods & Procedures
- Procedures and methodology used for, e.g., sampling and sample storage, sample pretreatment, extraction and analysis, including which laboratories are involved, references to methods employed, etc.
The ice thickness measurement site is located at a distance of at least 50 m from the shore. The measuring devices are a cm-divided measurement stick and, at most stations, three snow ice staffs. For each measurement time, three new drill holes are made at previously undisturbed places. The variables measured are:
- ice (the total thickness of ice, including the blue ice, the snow ice and the water layers between ice layers)
- water (the water level measured from the lower surface of the ice)
- snow ice (the thickness of snow ice)
- snow (the thickness of the snow layer on the ice)
- staff (the thickness of snow ice read at the snow ice staffs)
The usual dates for ice thickness measurements are the 10th, 20th and 30th of each month. The longest records have their beginnings in the 1910's. The present standard of measurements was in the 1970's.
Additional Information
- Is this a bi- AND multi-lateral project (i.e. a project involving cooperation between different countries)?
- No
- Other institutes involved in the project
Lapland Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment.
- Other related projects
Hydrometeorological monitoring
Hydrological monitoring includes previous project "Ice thickness of freshwater courses".